Frihting apparatus for lenticulated



' April 7,`1936.' VK. mms@ f i 2,036,498,17."

PRINTING APPARATUS PQR LENTICULATID FILIS .Y

I vFiled Sept. 8, 1933 .A LSIeetS-Sheet -1 April 7,1936. K. RN'TSCH. t 036,498 PRINTING APPARATUS Foa LEMICULATEDFILMS j {..Y` n Y.

" Filed Sept. 8, 1935 4 Sheets-Snee-t 2 1 Y' I [Tru-mns 4 Sheetsj--Srleet 3 K. RNTscH PRINTING- APPARATUS Pon LBNTIGULATED rims Filed Sept.' 8. 1933 l 1 l MH Ik ...und

l April 7, 1936.;` l'

fluid K. RNTscH 2,036,498 PRINTING APPARATUS FOHLEHTICULATED FILMS Agra 7, 1936.1

Filed Sept.. 8, 1933 4 Sheets-Sheit` 4 A Tran/nys,

APatented pr. 7., T936 i Unirse [STATES PATENT f orifice -iit n 2.036.498 if' i PBmTmGAPARAFTgIOBImm@ f' Kurt Rntsch, Berlin-Teltow, Germany. assigner` i f to Opticolor, AktiengeseilschatLGlarus, Swit- 1 which are characterized by the fact that the the first named lens may be obtained much more e '5 original is imageby a lens or lens system' on 'the easily. 5 copy. Thus all advantages o! optical printing The principleci-the invention and some Inamachines as compared with contact printing ma- 'phines of thenew typ'e will be explained by the i chines are brought into effect. The chief of help of the drawings. l 1 these advantages are: Figs. 1 and 2. show the principle upon which l l0 Diaphragms or masks, impermeable to light. those of the new`machines which contain fixed 10 i may be arranged at those spots where the zones. means are based:` .y of the multicolor lter of the talring or projectiig. 3 is a sectional-view o! a copying devi, f ing process\are adjacent, so that the effect of a" detail being represented by 1ie";ig.4.v i I light diiusion in the photographic layer is re- Figs. 5 and 6 aswell as Figs. 7 and 8 are two i l5 -duced and the purity oi' colors is augmented. sectional views of `other devices. 'l5 S Further, sharper 'images may be got, taking Fig. 9 is adiagram illustrating aslightrio'di-A 5 into account, that the light which passed cation.' "rss through one lenticular element o! an original Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic showing of means i lenticulated-lm is spread over several lenses of for getting three different copies on smooth mms 20 a copying enticulated film, and'that the number from one lm with lenticular elements. of these lenses is smaller with optical printing Fig. 11 is a plan view of an arrangement with than with contact printing. movably arranged means. Another advantage characterizing the inven- Figs. 12, 12' and 12" show three different pil10n 1S.' that all dllculties resulting from being' tions o1' a machine with movable optical means.v i 2 5 obliged to employ lenses with great aperture, are Fig. 13 is a frontview o f such a machine. 25 avoided. supposing that the angular openings Figs. 14 and 18 serve for explaining the manf of the camera and projection lenses are equal to ner of operating of a machine which is reprethe angular opening of the lenticular elements. sented by which is generally about 1:2,5, the. printing lens Fig. 15 in plan-view, by Fig. 16 in front-vie'air.4 f s 30 too must be seen from the lms at an angular and by Fig. 17 in a. vertical section on the line 30 vopening of about 1:2,5. i'I--Il oi' Fig. 1S. This requires the aperture i':l,25" of the Some modications of that machine are ex printing-lens, when the sizes of the images on plained by the help of Figs. 19 through 23. f ithe original and copy lms are to be the same.- Fig. 24 is a plan-view oi another device` 35 On the other hand-the definition of lthe image Fig. 25 representinga detail ofthe device shown 35 i must be so good as to render only diiusion cirin Fig. 24. v f 'i cles which are smaller than the lenticular ele- Referring rst to Fig. 1, the cylindrical lenticui' ments. 'Iill now, lenses of the aforesaid-quallations of the lm I face thelens 2. Thereisonly ities could not be made. drawn the path of light rays on one side of the 40 The invention makes it possibleto get optical lens 2, as it is just the same on the other side. 40'v copies by employing a lens oi' smaller opening Plane mirrors 3 and are arranged by the side. i 7 than those oi'A the taking or projecting process. of the lens and in parallel to its optical axis asg By suitably chosen means the lens opening is well as to the cylindrical elements. Their l f f' seen from the nlm in different directions, so that ecting sides face each other, so that, from the 45 the lens is as eiective as one with great opennlm i. an infinite number of images or the ob- '45 ing. The means may be fixed or movably arjective may be seen. Some oi these images are .i ranged. They may be plane mirrors, arranged designated by 2', i, 2"' and 2 XIV), though in 1 in such a manner that images of the lens are mostcasesonly the images-2 and 2 'needbecon seen from the lms as if at the sides oi the lens sidered. 50 itself. Such an arrangement is advantageous Now it maybeassumed that the angular open- 5u regarding the mechanical construction, but from ing of a lenticular element is equal to the angle the optical point of view it is more preferable by which the images of the lens from 2' to 2 m". to employ movable means. as they make it posincluding the lens itself. are seen. When the i sible to get better images. A lm is lighted from its smooth side. part of the i 55 The fundamental idea of the invention isto light DSSDZ through on'elenticular elementi A' zerland,`a corporation' o! Switzerland Application September 8, 1933, Serial No. 'i

` In Germany December 23, 1932 2 6 Claims.

' for lenticulated lms. More particularly it relates tothe type of optical printing machines (Cisa-24 employ a lens with small opening and a great i well corrected image ieldinstead oi a lens with great opening and only a small image field, as.

reaches directly the lens 2, other parts not before being reflected by the mirrors 3 and 4. That part of light` passing immediately from the nlm I to the lens 2 is coniined within the angle a.' An- 5 other part which is reflected by the mirror I and then passes through the lens ,is coniined. within the angie b, .which is dennen by dmc-ing straight lines from a point of the film to the Vedges of the image 2. Further, the angle c, denned by the straight lines from the same point of the film 2o partly meet the lens directly, partly after reflection by the mirrors 3 and l. The reiiected light beams pass inclined through thelens as if they had started from the virtual Elm-images I through I (IV) which are seen from the lens in the mirrors. Consequently, by the employment oi the mirrors 3 and I, the image field, taken by the lens and imaged without aberrations, is in-- creased by the same ratio as the real lens-aperture is decreased.

When, on the other side of the lens 2,'cor'ref -the lens or lens-system 2 mustbe exactly symmet- 30 l sponding mirrors and the printing 0r copy illmr are arranged, the light'beams there follow similar paths, whereby it is also possible to get images greater or smaller than the original.

-` The openings seen from the film are drawn in Fig. 2. From this ilgure it may be seen, that the height o! the real .and virtual lens openings is varying, being zero where two openings are adjacent. In order to avoid this, only rectangu- 40 larly shaped openings may be used. But it is also possible that, when filter zones oi equal width are used, the borders between two openings are seen from the nlms in those directions where the borders between two nlter zones are seen in the taking or projecting process, so that, by the diminution of height, a shading of the parts corresponding to the borders of the lte'r zones is eiiected. Y'

As is well lmown in the art, pictures are taken on the original nlm through a filter having zones of illter zones of only three colors, it is preferable to use a copying lens with a relative opening o! about one third 9i that of the lenticular elements.

so that only the images 2' and 2" are employed.

All rays emerging from the nlm pass through the ca lens, either immediately or after being only once reflected.

A copying device based upon the said principles is represented in Figure 3. 'I'he original film I is lighted by the light source 5 and the condenser i.

g5 Near the film I between the film and the lens 2 is arranged a lens l which 4causes the lens openings to be seen at the same distance as the lter was seen in the taking process. When, for instance,

the filter was c'olbmated and therefore seen in` 7o inilnity, the i'ocal length of the lens 'I may be equal to its distance from the diaphragm 8.

Assuming the relative opening oi' the lenticular elements to be 112.5 and the filter to be made up of three zon'es oi' equal width., the copying lens 75 mav have an opening oi 1:31.75, as then it is seen which the openings are seen from the nlm may be equal to the width by which the corresponding filter zones are seen in the taking or projecting process. 15

l In Figure 4 the light beams which pass through a .point atthe-margin of the origina!l nlm are drawn. 'I'he three angles marked by single circles correspond to the three nlter zones. The

- rays contained in these angles reach the lens 2 20 Y either immediately or after renection by the mir r'ors 3 and 4, while those rays contained in the angles between the arcs and chords oi the various circles are cut oiI by the diaphragm I. The

way of the light beams on the side oi the printing 25' I iilm I3 corresponds wholly to that on the other side. There are`the mirrors 3 and l' and the lens I2.

There may arise a. diillculty from the fact that rical in both directions. To get such a system, two taking` objectives oi the same type may be combined. But there are nearly always anall difierences between two such objectives, so that the dennition of the image'is not the best. 35 Therefore, lx1-'order to simplify the device and to improve` it, a' plane mirror may be arranged in the plane of the diaphragm 8. Besides, the two lms areV arranged on the same side of the lens 2, one somewhat above, the other somewhat 40 beneath the optical axis, so that" the lightrays pass through the same optical system on their way to andiro. As. on the other hand, as was told already,`\the lens 2 images a relatively large eld, without aberrations orother faults. there [45 results no diiricultyirom arranging the nlms at l. distance from the optical axis.

Besides the arrangement of Figure-'3 may have the drawback, that not only the required number o1' lens-images are effective, but that their nunr- 50 ber is really infinite. So there is light incident on the printing film which is very inclined as if, there were more iiiter zones than In the taking` or projecting process. This light has passed the' lens under such an angle which is greater-than 55 the angle oi.' the well corrected image ileld. 'This drawback may be avoided by arranging dia phragms or similarly acting means near the path of light rays, so that only a small number o! lens images may be seen from the illms, those co light beams being cut off which else give rise tothe rest o! the lensimages.

A device is drawn in Figures 5 and 6, which is constructed so that both films are on the sam! side of the lens, behind which a plane mirror is arte;- renection by the mirrors 3 and l. A plane' 75 t or curved mirror 6 is arranged behind the lens 2. It reects the light so that it returns back to the printing lm 13, passing thereby the lens 2 and the mirrors 3 and 4. The original and the printing iilm are somewhat distant from the optical axis in a direction parallel to the cylindrical, lenticular elements, as is seen from Fig- :ix-e6.,-

In order to prevent such light, being several times reiiected by the mirrors 3 and 4. from reaching the lens-opening 5 and the printing l the mirror 28 seems to have the same distance film I3, the diaphragms I1 and I3 are arranged in such a way that the aperture I5 and only the t images I5' and i5" but no further vim'ages may spondinglyconnecting the left margins of theV nlm and lens, respectively.

Besides, the mirrors 3 and tare only as great as is necessary for producing complete Iimages I5' and I5'-' for all points of the images on the iilms If there seems, at iirst sight, to be no possibility of arranging diaphragms or similar means, which cut off the disturbing reected but not the useful light, the aperture oi the lens 2 may .be de creased and'its distance from the lm increased.

so that the places for the diaphragms are obtained. Such a decreasing of the lens aperture does not aiect in any disturbing way the printed images, as, when printing, it 4is necessary for getting good copies, to image only a small part of -each stripe of the original iilms photographic layer on to the printing iilm, the said stripes being the images of the lter zones. In the device represented by the Figures 5 and 6 the aperture I5 is imaged by the lenticular elements about on the center of the stripe, which corresponds to the central filter zone.' the images I5 and I5" beingimages on' the centers oi the stripes, which 'correspond to the marginal iilter zones.

When the lens aperture is varied, it is also -necessary to vary the situation and size o: the

Such diaphragins are, as may diaphragms. easily be seen, also oi greatA advantage with devices according toFigure 3..in order to improve the printed images.

The device according to Figure 3 may be fur,-

' reflecting layer or in consequence of total reiiection. The lens 1 may .be ,cut of the. same piece as the block or may be cemented to it.

The first lens of the objective may also .be cemented to the block. By these means it is possible Ato copy with small losses of light, as the 'reflection at the plane surfaces is very good and as there are only a few optically active surfaces between glass and air. At last the relative aperture of the lens may be smaller by a ratio equal to the refractive-indexOf the glass, as the lens is arranged between glass instead o! air.

A device'combining several oi the told-advantages is shown in the Figures 'I and 8 in verticalv lenticular elements.

Under and over these surfaces are the lenses 1 and' I2 near the iilms. .By reiiexion at the mir- Y 2,036,498 v t ,fv3 In Figure 8, the surfaces 25- and 21 -areomitted and the block is drawn as i: it had the shane which it has virtually by the reilexion'at the from the iilm as the multicolor screen ot the camera. The light-beams emerging from the iilm 2| reach in the same manner as in the device of Figure 3 partly the mirror 28 immediately and partly after reiiectionV at the surfaces 23 and 2l.,

'I'he images of the mirror 28, seen in the mirror: I

24I and 25, are designed by 28 and 28".

An advantage of the described device is that the losses of light are very small, as the light only'once enters and once leaves the block and v three zones of equal width, the light-'beam which corresponds to one iilter zone has an angular oriinto account that there are masks at the lateral margins of the mirror, the eective opening is only- 1:9, and taking further-into account that the mirror is eiective in glass, the opening is reduced at last to 1:13,5." i

Though concave mirrors of so small an apar-'"1 ture may be employed without any correction oI-' spherical aberrations, the curvature of their i'mage iield is generally too considerable as to be employed without further improvements. Therefore, it is preferable to replace the mirror by anv optical system, consisting, for instance, ot two or three separatelensesand a mirror behindj The lens s\ma .y .be cemented ones; as is well known in the art`,and` may be corrected withrespect to all aberrations or other faults. The mirror may be curved"or plane'. y

As generally the glass block is rather long it may be replaced by the block, represented in Figure 9. 'lhis block is shorterand broader' and one of its vfront faces reiiects the light so that it must run. through the block several times. Figure 9 corresponds to Figure 7 and the details of this device may be understood without further explanation. It is preferable to' employ with the new machines such light sources, ior` instance mercury arc-tubes, which only 4radiate -light oi a small spectral region. It may have a spectrum of discrete lines, of which only one or some are employed. Then it is necessary to correct the optical'means only for the Aemployed light waves,

from which results a considerable simplication:65

There is still a way of compensating for a small curvature of the image eld by slightly luz-,lining the mirrors 23 and 2H with respect to each other, so that their planes are passing through the center of the image-sphere. Then too, the mirrors must, oi' course, be arranged so that they have the lens-aperture between them and that their intersections with the plane o! the diaphragm run parallel to the cylindrically shaped ening, when leaving the nlm, of 1:75. Taking oi' the objective, and it is not necessary to inter change right and left in the camera or in the projec'tion-apparatus. If a duplicate with inverted sides should be needed, one of the reflecting surfaces or 21 must be omitted and one film must be arranged, where in Figure 7 one of the film images 2i or 22.is generated by the mirror 26 or 21.

With respect to Figure 5 it was already told' that the disturbing light which is severally reflected may be-at least partly-suppressed by suitabiy.limiting the mirrors 3 and l. When a glass block is employed the limits of the reflecting surfaces may be given by the fact that only such light which isincident under arather small angie is totally reected, but that the light which is incident. nearly perndicularly to the surface passes freely. The angle ofY total reflection may be varied by suitably choosing the material of the glass block and by putting it into a medium of favorable refractive index, for instance oil or any other similar means.

It is important, that it is not necessary to ernploy an entire number of reflected lens open ings. It may be sometimes preferable to employ only fractions of the outer images. Such a devicev is, for instance, of use, when a film must be copied, which was taken with a filter, the central zone being much smaller than the marginal zones. Then, the real aperture of the lens is chosen,` in such a way, that it is seen from the film by the same angle as the central zone of the taking screen. For copying one marginal zone, one and a half virtual lens images may for instance be employed.

The new devices may also be important, when the relative aperture of the lens itself is equal to the relative aperture oi a lenticular element. This is the case, when a film with very small lenticular elements is used, so that-each element photographs also filter images'at those stripes of the layer behind theneighbouring elements. The ilter, in this case, consists of more than three zones, the colours being periodically 'repeated. The relative aperture of the lens of the printing device is equal to the relative aperture of the lenticular elements and the virtual images of said lens,`.seen in the mirrors 3 and l, correspond to the periodically repeated marginal iilter zones.

'I'he new devices may also be employed for printing films with spherical lenticular elements which may be of circular, hexagonal, quadratic or other shape. Then-virtual lens images are not only generated at the sides of the real lens, but also above and beneath it, by arranging two further plane mirrors, so that the vertical section view is identical withthe horizontal section View of Figure 3. There may be also six mirrors arranged, which intersect the plane of the lens diaphragm ina regular hexagon.

The idea of virtually increasing the lens aperture may also be brought into effect with devices for taking or projecting. Further, it is not restricted to color-cinematography, but may also be made use of with stereoscopic lms, sound films, trick lms and so on. At last, it is helpful when the images corresponding to diierent colors and combined on one lenticular iilnf are copied on separate smooth films or when images film.

A device which serves for the last mentioned.

purposes is shown in Figure 10. The lenticular film I, the lens 2 and mirrors 3 and 4 are ax'- The images corresponding to the I zones are copied on the films 25' and 25" which' are arranged by the sides of the filni 25. Pre1- erably the illms i,-25, 25' and 25" are commonly transported. There may also be used only one duplicate film of threefold width and, after the images being colored, this film may be folded so that the images register with each other.

on separate films are combined on one lenticular' In the before described devices only fixed means are employed for increasing virtually the' aperture of the printing lens. vBut it is often better to employ movable means, so that the aperture'issuccessively seen in different directions. l

For this purpose the relative aperture of the r'eal lens may-.be equal to the relative aperture of one filter gone or even less. always only the dimensions of the` apertures in such sections,

which are perpendicular to the cylindrical lenses,

being taken into account. age is copicdhwlth such a lens, the films are moved in opposite directions so that the'lens is seen from the lms whereone marginal filter zone is seen in the taking or projecting process. At last inthe same manner the image corresponding to the other marginal filter zone is copied (Figure 11)'. x

Instead of moving the films, also optical means vmay be moved. For this purpose suitable mir- After the central imlens may have consisted of three zones of equal width, so that there are three stripes,oi' equal Width behind each lenticular element, the said Itis without any influence, if the screen ivan placed near the diaphragm oi' the camera lensl or if the screen was distant from the diaphragm, so that from all points of the film gate other parts of the screen were seen, the screen consisting of more than three zones and the three colors being periodically repeated. In any case, there are .three stripes behind each lenticular element,

which are the images of the filter zones, and the relative situation of the images and the elements defines the situation of the printing -lens and o! 'its images. Only when the distance, in which the printing lens is seen from the 'lm is equal to the distance, in which taking screen was seen, correct projection of all colors is possible.

'I'he aperture of the lens 2 is given by the diaphragm 8. Its angular opening is equal to that of the central filter zone or even less. The copystripes being the images of the zones and being l l equally or differently transparent.

" Velate.;-

lng prc'cess may be performed in three steps. At first the lm I is lighted in that position which is shown in. Figure 1l by closed lines, thus photographing the stripes corresponding to the central zone only. In order to 'copy the other. stripes, the box 35, which contains the light source, the

guiding and transport mechanism oi the lm I,

is slidably mounted on the shaft 3S. By moving the box 35, the lm I is carried to the position indicated by I. synchronously the box 31, containing the guides and the transport mechanism of the film i3 is moved on the shaft 38, so that the lm I3 is carried to the position indicated by I3'. In these positions the lens is seen from the films slantwise by the side of its former position. After exposing the ilms in this 'position,

the boxes are moved to thc other side, so that the lms are then exposed in the positions. I" and I3". In the lateral positions I', I3' and I", I3"

respectively the stripes corresponding to the marginal filter zones are copied.

The principle of the described device may also be explained by assuming the lm I to be fixed and the lens 2 as well as the lrn I3 to be movable. Then, from the film I, the lens 2 is seen successively at 2, 2' and 2". The successively seen lens openings are not close to'each other,

-but there are distances between them, so that only the light-rays Within-the angles marked'by double-arcs are employed for the copying process. By this vmeans the light-beams, which else would photograph the zones corresponding to the borders between two lter zones, are cut oi.

The device is driven from the shaft 39. By I the bevel-wheels 4I) and 4I the shafts 36 and 38 are driven, upon which the boxes 35 and 31 are slidably mounted. They are moved by the lever 42, which turns round the axis 43 and is driven the lens, is not drawn. The printing process goes on in the following manner: At rst is printed in the position I' and I3. Then the shutter closes the lens aperture, the films are moved to I and I3 and the lens aperture is opened. Afterwards, when the shutter has closed-once more the opening, the films are moved to I" and I3", where the last exposing is performed. Then the shutter closes the lens-aperture, the transport mechanism Within the boxes pulls the iilms onward by the height of ahlm-image, so that the next image may be printed. There are three new successive exposures in the positions I", I3 andi, I3 and I', I3. Then the lms are pulled onward and the copying process begins once more.

This machine as well as those which will be.

described later on may be also employed in a somewhat diiIerent but more simple manner. A diaphragm may be put into the lens system,

,which has only a small opening, either slitor point-shaped. The slit must be placed in parallel to the cylindrical lenticular elements. Then, the lms being xed, the boxes are continuously moved from the positions I', I3' over I, I3 to I",

I3" while the small aperture is open. Then the shutter closes the aperture, the films are pulled onward, and the boxes swing back, thereby copying the nextimage. In this manner all parts of the photographic layer lying behind one lentic-Y The shutter, turning before light, when the horders between the iilter Yzones would be-exposed, while the openings 14, 15 and I6 let the light pass when the position of the lms' allows the lens aperture to be seen in a direction contained within one of the angles marked by double arcs. The part 1I of the shutter closes the lens aperture, while the films are pulled onward. Sometimes,V it may be preferable to limit the apertures 14, 15, 16 by curved edges as is represented by the lines 11 and 'I8 which Awould-replace the edges 11 and 18. By'such a shape of the shutter-openings the diiusion of the light in the photographic layer may favorably be iniiuenced.

For the illustration the described printing process may serve the Figure 18. As abscissa thev time'and as ordinate the position of the box 35 on the shaft 3S is chosen. By hatching those intervals are marked, during which the shutter cuts the light off. During the intervals 15, 19',

19" and so on, the lms are pulled onward, while the intervals 8U, 8l, 8D', 8i' and so on correspond to the positions, when the images of the lterborders would be copied. ,A slight modification is given by fixing the box 35 and moving the lens 2 as well as the box 31.

An importantimprovement is performed by arranging movable' optical means between the filmsand lthe lens, so that these may remain fixed during the printing of one complete filmimage. of the'Figures 12, 12' and l2". The illms are indicated\ by the arrows I and I3,-in order to demonstrate, if the right and left hand sides are interchanged on the duplicate compared with the original. rI'he arrows arein all figures o! this spe'ciiicationshown in such a way that the top of one arrow isf-imaged by. the objective and the other optical means on the top of the other arrow.

'Ihe nlm I is lighted by the light source 5 from the smooth side.` {Ihe beams pass through the photographic layerfthrough the lenticular elements and reach the optical square, consisting of the two plane mirrors 4E and 41. Y The edge between the two mirrors, vwhich are perpendicular to each other, is perpendicular to the plane, of

30 v The principle is explained by the help the drawings-and parallelto the' cylindrical elements on the films I and I3. 'I'he light beams pass the lens 2,*thc optical square, which is composed by the plane mirrors 48 and 49 and meet the duplicate iilm. The edge oi the square 43, 49 too is parallel to the cylindrical elements.

.The optical squares have the eilect that, in th position of Figure 12,"the lms are seen from the lens 2 at 5I and 54 respectively. On the other hand the lens 2 is seen from the films at 52 and `53 respectively. The .lens may have a relative aperture which is equal to the relative aperture of one lter-zone or even smaller.

While one nlm image is copied, the squares are moved parallel to themselves into the positions of the Figures 12' and 12". In these -iigures all movable or moving parts ot the device are designed by the same numbers respectively marked with one or two dashes.

As the distances between I and 52 and-between.'

I3 and 53 are equal to the distances between the lms and the images of the multicolor screens inthe taking or projecting process. the three positions may serve for copying the three parts of the image, which correspond to the diierently colored lter zones. In each position one of the stripes behind each lenticular element is copied. But when the lens-aperture is small enough the ...am nu..

squares mayalso oscillate continuously, the ex- DOsure being interrupted, when the films are pulled onward.

There is no difference, if there are -only two or more than three different stripes on the part oi.' the layer behind one lenticular element, when the sq'uares are continuously moved. W'hen they are moved intermittently, the number of the positions, where they are at rest during the copying totally reflecting prisms or by plates oi any Ama- .teriaiwith highly reflecting surfaces. Further,

the stage-wise arrangement oi.' the squares, rep j resented by Figure 13 may be used with nearly all other devices.

Such another device is explained by Figure 1Q. There are the lms I and I3, the fixed minors or prisms 58 and 59 with the lens 2 between them. and the movable optical Squares or prisms 51 l OZ one nlm image, must be equal to the number and 60, which are ilrmly connected with each of the said stripes, which number must not necesother. They may oscillate, so that they may take sarily be equal to the number of different lterthe positions indicated by 1,11 and Ill. The iight zones. In each position one stripe is copied. starts from I. passes successively 51, 58, 2, 59, Gl 'As the arrows I and I3 are turned in opposite and reaches I3. The images of the lens 2, seen l directions, the images on the duplicates are false from the films I or I3, in the three positions I,

with respect to the left and right hand sides. It 1I and DI are indicated by 62 or S2' respectivecorrect duplicates are desired, it is necessary to' ly. From the lens 2, the illms are seen at 6I put still a plane mirror inrthe path of light and B4. rays. 'I'he fundamental 'principle of this device as 2o. The turn o1 the' diiterent positions, the drivwell as o! all others is that a lens ot small aper ing mechanism for pulling the illms and for makture is suecessivel'y-or synchronously-seen from ing the squares to oscillat'e is similarly made as the films in dierent directions and that in each was drawn ir Fig. 11. Besides, what was told moment bothnlms are seen from the lens in exabout the shutter is also correct with respect toA actly'opposite directions. Figures 12, 12' and 12". 'Ihe marginal stripes-may be copied in the A device which is based umn the same optical positions "1 and n1, the central stripe 1h the principles, but is preferable with respect to its wsition 11 They may be print-,ed with immechanical construction is Shown in Figure 13 mittent or with continuous movement. The ex in frontview Tm' mages l and I3' which are posure may bdnterruptfd when it passes from so copied (or produced by copying) are on the films one Smpebn the layer L0 the next (me There l 9 55 and 56. Between them is the lons 2. Ophcal ma also bemade use. a st c wi squares 45, 41 land 48, 49 are arranged exactly yt ft! mi j ag se 1 -ange.

1n the same manner as is drawn in Figure 12. me e mm '.1 Two other squares 46.211"- and 48"' SIL are A machine which is basedon the principle of arranged over the first-named squares and in' Egure 14 is :epresendby the Figures 15 16 fixed relation to them. At last there are stm and 1 7- Fg- 15 1S a Dlamvlew' Fls- 16 4frontthe squares 48', 41 and 48', 49' under the squares View and Fig. 17" a SetlOIlBl-View according t0 48, 41 and 48, 49', .which are also rmly conthe lie T-'l'l 0f F18. 15. nected to them. The squares'are somewhat dis- .The lms 55 and 55 are leaded by the guiding: o placed one with respect to the other and movable IDI and |02 which are fastened to the plate 91. f in vertical direction, which will say: parallel to 'I'he images l and I3 are in front of the gates fi the direction oi the films. III and |I2. ,The plate 91 is mounted on the ,ij When they are moved downwards by the disbase-plate IUS, It carries the pull down mechai; tance h, the squares 46", 41" and 48", 49" take nisms ID3 and IM, which are driven by the shaft {el} 5 the position drawn in Fig. 12". When'. they are 98. 'I'he shaft 92 is related to 98 by the bevelmoved upwards by the' distance h, the squares wheels s2, 4 6', 41' and 48', 49' take theposition drawn in The plate 91 is fastened to the support Si F18. 12'. During the mOVllg 0f the Sql-19168, the' which serves as guiding for the sliding-carriage lens aperture is closed. It is only opened when m1. Besides 1t cames the mirrors s1 and sa and il 50 the squares areat rest. By diaphragms that the lens system'2. The'carriage |01 carries the .I light is cut off. which would pass the wrons optical square Banane optical cube al and the dia.- u

mirrors, and only those are iree which are at. phragm 85. It is driven by the arm 95 and th the same height as the lens i2. In each of the eccentric 94 connected tothe shaft 93. three positions one Stripe is Copied and then the A wheel 9| is attached to the shaft s: and l 55 films Bre pulled Onward. The advantage 0f this carries contact pieces I 05, on which a contact device is that. all squares'are in xedrelation "2.15 Sudjng The shaft g5 connected by wires E flgegllr other. 50 that :there CD1-Y O ne -movmg over an electric battery II4 to a coil II3 and back Y;

l In order to get'images which are correct with ntctcentchgmh pieces. los ar'e direc?! respect to the right and left hand side, three of The light source 5 and he condenser l s" the mirrors, for instance 48, 4B', 4S", may be red no f u h enses placed each by a further optical square, the edges an are arranged or g uns the I' of these squares being perpendicular to'the mir- .The light 'passes successively the mm I the mrs nI u. and Square 83, the mirror 88, the lens-system 2, the In order to avoid any discontinuity o! movc- -minr Blythe Cube 8 and ref ches the mm u' C,

ment, the mirrors 45 45" 4g- 41 and so In order to cut oil all disturbmg and scattered on may be made much higher. Then theymay light. the diaphragm 85 and-the tubes 86 are im. slowly oseillate up and down, the exposure bevided, which protect the lens 2 and the illm Il fz ing interrupted, when one square replacesthe against Very inclined light. The fact that theother in the path of light. rays or when the ditwo inner mirrors of the square 83 and the'cube :o f,'j rection oi the movement is changed and, syn- 84 are shorter than the other mirrors and only chronously, the films are pulled. as great as is necessary for getting complete f'g' The mirrors and squares of the described deimages, serves for the same purpose. By such vice as well as of all other devices, which are anarrangemont oi' diaphragme, which cut oil', all

examples of the invention may be formed by devices accor :ling to the invention may be im- '2,036,498 f A l v.7

proved as the 4purity of colors and the glance of the duplicate images is augmented.

'I'he optical cube 84 is formed by three plane surfaces, which are perpendicular to each other.

' edge. But it is most preferable to use an optical cube, as on the sliding-carriage `is more free place for arranging such means than near the Within the lens-system .2 a diaphragm J9 is arranged, which has a point-shaped aperture. It was told already with respect to Figure 11, that `the aperture maybe slitor point-shaped. But the point-shaped aperture. renders better images on the duplicate lm, as the lens must image at the' same time the layer of the lm I on the layer of the lm I3 and the lenticulatdon of the illm I on the lenticulation of the 131m- I3. This is only possible witha lens-system of very small aperture. A shutter 89 is arranged within the lens system 2. It is actuated bythe coil I i3 when the contact H2 touches one of the pieces I 05. Thus only the centers of all stripes on the photowas described already. The ordinates are then .the distances of the sliding-carriage from its endit is understood that the mechanical equipment of the described apparatus may be altered in many respects. The pull-down mechanism for the ilms. the shutter, the driving mechanism for the oscillating optical means may be replaced by other means without touching the optical principle of the machine.

An advantage resulting from the special optical arrangement is that there result nearly no ,defects, when the guiding of the oscillating carriage is afiiicted with small inaccura fies-which. it is true, must only be small. The most im'. portant condition that must be fuliilled is that the optical squares or the optical square and cube are 'exactly adjusted with respect to each other. When, in this case, the carriage vibrates a little, no fault can be observed, as the nlm I given by the film-gates. It may easily be seen that the arrangement of the optical means allows to copy also lms on which the cylindrical lenticular elements are inclined with respect-to the longitudinal direction of the lms or perpendcu lar to this direction.

It is even possible to employ lms ior'the original and the duplicate,'on which the lenticulaticns are inciined by different angles. One may. for instance. employ as original a longitudinally and as duplicate a transversely goilered nlm.

But such copying processes can onLv be performed,

'when there is room enough for guiding the films.

Without breaking them.

The described machineallows to guide the films nearly in amv -desired direction. Besides there is roem enough for attaching a big lightening device comprising an intensive light-source and a special condenser optic. 'Ihese are necessary as the small lens aperture allows only narrow light beams to pass. Moreover the intensive lightsource must be cooled, so that much room is air iorded.

Some manners of guiding the lms are shown in the Figures 18 through 22. These figures correspond to the Figure 16. The optical principle of these 'modifications is the following: The image of 4the lens-aperture seen from the lmsjs oscillating in a direction parallel to the straight connection ofthe centers of the gates. This direction is indicated by the Astraight line |08. Con-- sequently the directions of the lenticular elementsk may not freely be chosen. Certainly, they' must' not run in parallel to the line' I B8. But it is allowed that they form an angle with this direction which is. great enough, without necessarily being a right angle.

Let us suppose the angle between the line ID3 and the lenticular elements to be dierent Iroxn zero and Then the amplitude of the oscillations oi' the lens-image must be so great that the angle by which itis seen from the lms is equal about to the relative aperture of the lenticular elements divided bythe sine of said angle. Thus this angle must not differ too much'from 90 as the focal length of the lens and the greatness or the corrected image heldA do not allow too neat-amplitudes.

Furtherfwhen the relative apertures of the lenticular elements on the original and the dupli' cate lm are equal, the angles between the line IUS and the cylindrical element must be equal for both ilrns. If the. relative apertures diier, the sines of the said angles must be .proportionate to t` nelative apertures. But it is still possible that t angles are taken in the same or in opposite directions, so that the images of the original lenticulationsprojectcd on the duplicate film are running infparallel tothe duplicate lan# ticulations orare inclined tothem.

` When the optical equipment ot the printin machine is exactly identical with that represented in the Figures 15. 16 and ll--so that upright prints are obtained, the lm gates must be parallel to each other. This is the case in the devices according to Figures 16, 19. 21 and 22. When the optical' cube isreplaced by an optical square-so that' the bottom and the top ofthe images are interchanged, the lmgates are symmetrically inclined with respect to the line I08, as is drawn in the Figures 20 and 23. As in the Figures 19 through 23 the hatching indicates the directions of the lenticular-elements, from the aforesaid meditations results that the images of the lenticulations oi the original arc parallel te the lenticulations of the duplicate in the device of the Fir'- urel19 onbLwhile in the dcviccs'rf the Figures 29 through 23 the said directions are crossed. The device of Figure 16 may be used fer films, on which the lenticulations form any angle with the direc- 'n tion oi the film, when this angle is not too great and the conditions enumerated above'are fulfilled.

In the device of Figure 19 the lenticular elements. are transverse to the films. The lms are slightly inclined with respect to the line |08, so'

that they can be guided without being broken.

The lenticula'tions of the lms 55h: and 55e 0115 Figures 20 and 21 are transverse, while the illms 58h and-56e are longitudinally 'ienticulated The angles between the films and the line 08 are 45 degrees. These machines are ol special importance as they allow to copy longitudinally and transversely lenticulated films in any combina,- tion without touching to the optical equipment, only the guidings and the nlm-gates being altered. The device according to Figure 22 serves for employing two longitudinally lenticulated films and lor arranging the images slantwise on the duplicate. The device according to Figure -23 serves forv employing one nlm w ch is longitudinally and one which is obliquely lenticulated. The duplicates 58d and 56e have the advantage, that the '4 tions thereon, means for simultaneously passing oblique running lenticulations are less striking thanhorizontally or vertically running lenticu` lations.

The optical principle of the machine, which is represented in Figure 24 is somewhat diierent from that which was described by the help of the Figures 14 through 23. The oscillating body 66 has two reecting surfaces E5 and S5' forming a right angle with each other. They are reflecting on both sides. i

The light coming from the original nlm is reilected by thevsurface by the totally reectlng prism 5l, by the mirror 65, by the mirror 68 inclined by 22/2 degrees andreaches the lens 2. Near this lens the' shutter 68 is arranged. This shutter is represented in Figure 25 and was described already.' Aiter passing the lens the light. meets the mirror- 69, equally inclined by 221/2 degrees, and is then reflected by the mirrors 65, 65' and 1U. At last it reaches the duplicate film I3. The glass-block 82 serves for making the optical distances from the lens to the films identlc with each other. The body 66 is swinging in the direction ot the double-arrow, as is indicated by the dotted lines.

Nearly all the described devices are symmetrical so that the illmsmay be interchanged and the direction of light inverted. But this must not be so. AFor the condition is, that the lens aperture is seen from the lms at the same distances as the filter is seen in the. taking or projecting process. In order to fulfil this condition lenses of suitable curvature may be arranged near the n lms. As the illters may have dierent distances in the taking and projecting process, either thel said lenses must be diil'erently curved or the printing lens-must be unsymmetrical. At last it is sometimes necessary to change the scale of the images by the printing process, which too necessitates an unsymmetrlcal arrangement.

I claim:

1. In combination, an original nlm having thereon a multiplicity of lenticulatlons and a group ot color records behind each of said lenticulations, a c opy nlm having similar lenticulations thereon, means for passing light through the. original nlm to the copy nlm, an optical system disposed in thepath of `light passing between said films and including a non-reversing mirror, and means causing relative movement between said films and portions of said system, said movement being many times as great es the width of .one of said lenticulations, thereby substantially increasing the angle oi' a beam of light leaving or reaching cach of said lenticulations.

2. Incombination, an originalv nlm havin thereon a multlpliity O! lenticulations and a group oi' color records behind each o! said lenticulations, a copy nlm having similar lenticuiations therec ..rr- "or pas ng light through the original film to the cop, mm, a lens disposed in the path of light passing between saidlmx. optical means causing said lens to be seen from the lenticulations ofthe original film in a plurality of different directions, voptical means likewise causing said lens to be seen from the lentic-v ulations of the copy film in a plurality of diiIerent directions, means for feeding said nlms, and a shutter having blades adapted to interrupt saidlight at such time as to avoidexposure of the dividingline between said records.' 1

3. In combination, an original nlm havin! thereon a multiplicity of lenticulations and l.

group of color records behind each ,of said lentlculations, a copy nlm having` similar lenticulalight through all the color records of the original nlm to the copyiilm, an optical system disposed in toe path oi' iight passing between said lms, means for relativelymoving said films and portions of said system to an extent many times greater than the width of one of said lenticular.

tions, thereby Asubstantially' increasing the angle of a beamof light leaving or reaching each of said lenticulations, and diaphragms arranged parallel to the path followed by the light to said optical system and arranged to prevent diilused or scattered light from reaching the copy nlm.

4. In combination, a nlm having thereon a multiplicity of lenticulatlons o! substantially equal apertureua lens of smaller aperture than that of a lentlculation andthrough which lens and said ienticulations light may pass. and optical means arranged, with respect to said'lens and to said lenticulations, to cause said lens to be seen, from a lenticulation, simultaneously in 9. plurality f diierent4 dennte directions and in certain denite positions with respect to each other and to said lenticulation, to virtually increase the aperture oi' said lens to substantially equal the aperture of a lenticulation.b

5.` In combination, a nlm having thereon l.

multiplicity of ienticulations of, substantially equal aperture, a lens of smaller aperture than that o! aflentlculation and through which lens and said lenticulations light may pass, and opticalmeans arranged, with respect to said lens and to said lenticulations, to form images of said lens and to cause said lens and said images to be seen, from Aa. lenticulation, simultaneously in a plurality or different definite directions and in certain de nite positions with respect to each other and to said lenticulation, to virtually increase the aperture of said lens to substantially equal the aperture of a lenticulation.

C. In combination, a film having thereon a.

said lens to substantialy equal the aperture o! a..

lenticulation.

'1. nl combination, .a slm having thereon 's multiplicity oi' lenticulations oi substantially equal aperture, a lens ot smaller aperture than that oi' a lentlculationand through which lena and said lenticulations light may pass, and optical nite directions and positions equal in number to J w the number o! color records -behlng a lenticulameans arranged, with respect to said lens and to said lenticulations, and on opposite sides oi said Y lens transversely oi said lenticulation, to virtually' increase the aperture o! said lens to substantially equal the aperture oi a lenticulation,

8. In combination, a nlm having thereon a multiplicity of lenticulations o: substantially 'equal aperture, a lens of smaller aperture than that of a lenticulation and through which lens and said lenticulations light may pass, and mirrors disposed generally parallel to the optical axis of said lens and arranged, laterally with respect to said lens and transversely with respect to said lenticulations, to form images of said lens and to cause said images to be seen, from a lenticulation, simultaneously in a plurality oiv dierent deinlte directions and in certain definite positions with respect to each other and to said lenticulation, to virtually increase the aperture oi' said lens to substantially equal the aperture of a lenticulation.4

9. In combinatiom a lm having thereon a multiplicity of lenticulations o! substantially equal aperture, a lens of smaller aperture than that oi a lenticulation and through which lens and said lenticulations light may pass, mirrors disposed generally parallel to the optical axis o! said lens and arranged, laterally with respect to said lens and transversely with respect to said lenticulations, to form images of .said lens and to cause, said images to be seen, from a lenticulation, simultaneously in a plurality oi different denite directions and in certain definite positions with respect to each other and to said lenticulation, to virtually increase the aperture of said lens to substantially equal the aperture l or a lenticulation, and diaphra'gms disposed between said mirrors and arranged to limit the number of images thus seen at a lenticulation, by intercepting light in excess o that needed to i'orm said numte'r of images.

10. In combination, a nlm having thereon a multiplicity or lenticulations oi substantially equal aperture, a lens of smaller aperture than that' o! s, lenticulation and through which lens and said lenticulations light may pass, mirrors disposed generally parallel to the optical axis oi said lens and arranged, laterally with respect to said lens and transversely with respect to said lenticulations, to form images o'! said lens and to cause said images to be seen, from a lenticulation, simultaneously in a plurality of dierent definite directions and incertain definite positions with respect to each other and to said lenticulation, to virtually increase the aperture of said lens to substantially equal the aperture of a lenticulation, and diaphragme disposed between said mirrors and arranged tc limit the number of images thus seen at a lenticulation, by inter-- cepting light in excess of that needed to form said number oi' images, said nlm being adapted to be used with a color lter having a plurality o! zones, and said number of images being the same as the number of said zones.

l1. In combination, a iilm having thereon a multiplicity of lenticulations ofv substantially equal aperture, said lenticulations being adapted to be used with a-pluralzoned color filter to iorzna plurality of color records behind each lenticulationa lens of smaller aperture than that of a 'lenticulation and through which lens and saidlentlculations light may pass,A and optical means arranged, with respect to said lens and to said lenticulations, to cause said lens to be seen, from a lenticulation, simultaneously in diierent dedtion and having the same relation to each other.

12. In combination, a lm having thereon a .multiplicity of. lenticulations oi' substantially 5 equal aperture, said lenticulations being adapted to be used with a plural-zoned color illter having zones of substantially equal aperture. to form a plurality of colori-coords behind each lenticulal tion, a lens of smaller aperture than that of a. 10

lenticulation and through which lens and said lenticulations light may pass, and optical means arranged, with respect to said lens and to said ,lenticulationa to cause said lens and images thereof to be seen, from a lenticulation, simull5 taneously in different deiinite directions and positions equal in number to the number. of color .l

records behind a lenticulation, said lens. apertum and the aperture oi each image being substantially equal to each other and to the aperture 29 of a color zone oi' the lter.

13. In combination, a 4iilm having thereon s multiplicity 'of lenticulations of substantially equal aperture, said lenticulations being adapted to be used with a plural-zoned color illter to forni y ranged, w'ith respect to said lens and to said len- 30 ticulations, tov cause said lens .to be seen, from alenticulation, simultaneously in different denite directions and positions equalin number to the number of color records behind a lenticulation and hailing the same relation to each other. and a diaphragm associated with said lens te cut the adjacent margins 4of the lens and its images as thus seen from a lenticulation,-

14..In combination, a illm having thereon a.) y multiplicity oi`lenticulations of substantially 40- ,--f equal'aperture, a lens oi smaller aperture than that oi' alenticulation and through which lens and said lenticulations light may pass, optical means arrangeds with respect to said lens and to said lenticulationssto cause said lens to be seen, '45- Y from a lenticulation," simultaneously in a plurality oi different definite directions and in certain definite positions with respect to each other and to said lenticulation, to virtually increasethe aperture of saidlens to substantially equal the y aperture of a lenticulation, and means providing a separation between the views of said lens as thus seen from a lenticulation.

15. In combination, an origin-al iilm having thereon a multiplicity o1' lenticulations and a.` liliA group of color records `behind each lenticulation, a copy film having'similar lenticulations thereon, an optical system adapted to transmit light from the original illm to the copy illm and including alens of smaller aperture than that of a lenticu- (i0V 5 I' 'Y lation, andoptlcal means arranged, with respect to said lens and iilms, to cause said lens to be 'I seen, from a lenticulation on either film, simultaneously in a plurality of different deilnlte directions and in certain denite positionsV with respect'to each other and to said lenticulation, to virtually increase the aperture oi' said lens to substantially equal the aperture of a lenticulation.' i

16. In combination, an original film-having thereon a multiplicity oi lenticulations and a group of color records behind each lenticulation, a copy lm having similar lenticulations thereon., an optical system adapted to'transmit light from the original nlm to the copy nlm and including 76- a lens of smaller aperture than that of a lenticulation, and optical means arranged, with respect to said lens and iilms, to form images oi said lens and to cause said lens and said images to be seen, from alenticulation on either iilm,'simul taneousiy in a plurality of different denite directious and in certain deiinite positions with respect to each other and to said lenticulation, to virtually increase. the aperture of said lens tosubstantially equal the' aperture of alentlcuiation.

17. In combination. an original nlm having thereon a; multiplicity of lenticulations and a group of color records behind each lenticulation. a copy iilrn having similar lenticulations thereon; an optical system adapted t'o transmit light from the original nlm to the copy lrn and including a lens of smaller aperture than that of a. lenticulation, means for feeding both iilms at substantially the same rate past respective positions wherein said optical system may thus transmitlight from the original to the copy nlm; and op'- tical means, 'acting while the same respective areas of the two films are at said respective positions, to cause said lens to be seen, from a lenticulation on either film, m a plurality of diierent deiinite directions and in certain denite positions with respect to each other and to said ienticulation, to virtually increase the aperture 4of said lens to substantially equalthe aperture of a lenticulation.

i8. In combination, an original film having thereon a multiplicity of lenticulations and a group of color records behind each lenticulation. a copy film having similar lcrnticulations thereon, an optical. system adapted to transmit light from the original lm to the copy film and including'a lens of smaller aperture than that of a lenziculation, means for intermittently feeding both films past respective positions wherein said opticalsystem may thus transmit light from the original to the copy film, and optical means acting between feeding movements of the lms to cause said lens to be seen, from a lenticulation on either illm, in a plurality of different denite directions and in certain deinite positions with respect to each other and to said lenticulation, to virtually increase the aperture of said lens to substantially equal the aperture of a lenticulation.

19. In combination, an original iilm having thereon a multiplicity of lenticulations and a group of color records behind each lenticulation, a copy film having similar lenticulations-thereon, an optical system adapted to transmit light from the original nlm to the copy film and including a lens of smaller aperture than that of a lenticulatlon, means for intermittently feeding both films past respective positions wherein said optical system may thus transmit light from 'the original to the copy nlm, and optical means acting between feeding movements of the films t0 cause said lens to be seen. from a lenticulation on either film, in a plurality of different and derlnite directions and positions equal in number to Y the number of color records behind a lenticulation and having the same relation to each other,

20. In combination, an Original film having thereon a multiplicity of lenticulatlons and a group of color records behind each lenticulatlon, a copy film having similar lenticulations thereon, an optical system adapted t0 transmit light from the original nlm to the copy film and including a lens of smaller aperture than that of a lenticulation, means for feeding both iilms at substanmuy the same rate past respective positions wherein said optical system may thus transmit 2i. In combination, an original film having..

thereon a multiplicity of lenticulations and l.- .group of color records behind each lenticulation, a copy film having similar lenticulations thereon, an optical system adapted to transmit light from the original iilm to the copy nlm and including a lens of smaller aperture than that of -a lenticulationfmeans for feeding both films at substantially the same rate past respective positions wherein said optical systemmay thus transmit light from the original to the copy film, and means operating while the films are at said respective positions for moving said films and I, part of saidioptical system` relatively to each other, transversely of the optical axis of said syscient to cause said lens to be seen'from a lenticu'lation of eitheriilm in a plurality of positions corresponding, in number and relation to each other, to the 'records behind a lenticuiation of the original i 22. In combination, an original nim having thereon a multiplicity of lentic'sulations and a group oi color records behind each lentioulation tem and of the lenticulations, to an extent suflformed by exposure through a plural-zoned color lter, a copy iilrn having similar lenticulations thereon, an optical system adapted to transmit.

light from the original to the copy lm and including a lens of smaller aperture than that of a lenticulation, means for feeding both iilms at substantially the same rate past respective positions wherein saidoptical system may thus transmit light from the original to the copy illin, andmeans operating while the films are at said respective positions for moving said films and a part of said optical system relatively to cach other, transversely of the optical axis of said system and of the lenticulations.. to an eitent suflicient' to cause said lens to be seen from a lenticulation o! the copy illm in a plurality of positions having the same angular relation to each other as the corresponding zones of the taking color filter bore to a lenticulation of the original tllm duringl taking.4

23. In combination, an original lm having thereon ,a multiplicity of lenticulations and l. group of color records behind each'lenticulation, a copy nlm having similar lenticulations thereon, an optical system adapted to transmit light from the original film to the copy iilm and including a lens of smaller aperture than that of a lenticulation, means for intermittently feeding both lms past respective positions wherein said optical system may thus transmit light from the original to the copy nlm, optical means acting between feeding movements of the iilms to cause said-lens to be seen, from a lenticulation on either nlm, in a plurality of diiierent and deinite directions and positions equal in number to the number of color records vbehind a lenticulation and having the same relation to each other, and a. shutter having blades adapted to interrupt said light at such time as to avoid exposure of the dividing line between said records.

24. In combination, an original 111m having thereon a multiplicity of ienticulations and a group of color records behind each lenticulatlon,

, a-copy lm having similar lenticuations thereon, an optical system adapted to transmit light from the original lm to the copy ilm and including a lens of smaller aperture than that of a lenticulation, and piane mirrors arranged on opposite sides of the lens and lengthwise of the lenticulations of both lms, and adapted to cause said lens to be seen, from a lenticulation on either ilim, simultaneously in a plurality of diierent definite directions and in certain definite positions with respect to each other and to said lenticulation, to virtually increase the aperture of said lens to substantially equal the aperture of a lenticulation.

25. In combination, an original film having thereon a multiplicity of lenticuiations and a group of color records behind each lenticulation, a copy film having similar ienticulations thereon. an optical system adapted to transmit light from the original ilm to the copy film and including a lens of smaller aperture than that of a lenticulation, and optical means arranged, with respect to said lens and films, to cause said lens to be seen. from a lenticulation on either film, simultaneously in a plurality of diierent denite directions and in certain dei-lnite positions with respect to eachother and to said-ienticulation, to

virtually increase the aperture of said lens to substantially equal the aperture of a lenticulation,

said films both being' on the same side ot the' lens and the light passing from the original lm -through the lens. and said system including means to reflect the light back through the lens to the copy film.

26. In combination, an original Qin having,

thereon a .multiplicity of lenticulations and a. group of color records behind each lenticuiation,

a copy lm having similar lenticulations thereon,

an optical system adapted to transmit light from the original film to the copy filmv and including a.

lens of smaller aperture than that of a lenticulavirtually increase the aperture of said lens to substantially equal the aperture of a lenticulation, the path of light between said lms being substantially confined to a glass block having the elements of the optical system substantially a part thereof.

KURT RNTSH. 

